Ash Shrinkage Starting Temperature (SST) - This is defined as the temperature at which the area of the test piece falls below 95% of the original test piece area at 550 C. This shrinkage may be due to a number of factors, including the liberation of carbon dioxide, volatile alkali compounds, and/or sintering.
Ash Deformation Temperature (DT) - This is the temperature at which the first signs of rounding of the edges of the test piece occurs due to melting.
Ash Hemisphere Temperature (HT) - This is the temperature at which the test piece forms a hemisphere (i.e. the height becomes equal to half the base diameter).
Ash Flow Temperature (FT) - This is the temperature at which the ash is spread out over the supporting tile in a layer, the height of which is half of the test piece at the hemisphere temperature.
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Our Carbolite CAF G5 BIO ash melting furnace can determine the characteristic ash deformation temperatures for biomass.